samsloan
2009-07-31 17:53:34 UTC
Chess Fundamentals
by José Raúl Capablanca
Foreword by Sam Sloan
World Champion Mikhail Botvinnik regarded Capablanca's Chess
Fundamentals as the best chess book ever written.
This is a reprint of the original “Chess Fundamentals” by Capablanca,
as first published in 1921 and only a preface added by Capablanca in
1934.
The reader here can feel confident that this reprint contains the
exact, complete words of Capablanca. Not one word has been changed or
omitted. All 14 illustrative games plus another five games in the
initial text have been converted into algebraic notation in an
appendix added in the back of this book, with diagrams.
As Edward Winter points out in his “Chess Notes” article entitled
“Capablanca Goes Algebraic”, other modern reprints that have come out
after the death of his widow, Olga Capablanca, in 1994 have omitted or
re-written entire sections of the original book. One reprint has
omitted entirely the “illustrative Games” section from the last half
of the book, thus making it a much shorter book. Another reprint has
replaced some of Capablanca's games with games by Fischer and
Kasparov.
Edward Winter sums up his view of these reprints when he writes that
one reviser “has not supplemented Chess Fundamentals. He has destroyed
it.”
Capablanca would not have approved of these revisions. In this, the
1934 edition, in which he made no changes but only added a preface, he
wrote,
‘... Chess Fundamentals is as good now as it was 13 years ago. It will
be as good a hundred years from now; as long in fact as the laws and
rules of the game remain what they are at present. The reader may
therefore go over the contents of the book with the assurance that
there is in it everything he needs, and that there is nothing to be
added and nothing to be changed. Chess Fundamentals was the one
standard work of its kind 13 years ago and the author firmly believes
that it is the one standard work of its kind now.’
According to a study by Professor Arpad Elo in his book “The Rating of
Chess Players, Past and Present” ISBN 0923891277, Jose Raoul
Capablanca was the strongest chess player who ever lived, prior to the
arrival of Bobby Fischer.
José Raúl Capablanca was born November 19, 1888 in Havana, Cuba, but
lived most of his life in New York City, when he was not touring the
world playing in chess tournaments.
His first major chess tournament was the Grandmaster tournament at San
Sebastián, Spain in 1911. He was allowed to play at the insistence of
the American champion, Frank Marshall, in spite of complaints by the
other players that he did not meet the requirements. Capablanca
shocked the world by winning the tournament. It was then proposed that
he play a match for the World Chess Championship with Emanuel Lasker.
However, the requirements set by Lasker were too stringent and the
match did not take place.
Capablanca finally got to play a match for the world championship in
1921 in Havana Cuba. Lasker resigned the match when the score stood at
four wins for Capablanca and ten draws.
It was during this period that Capablanca went through an incredible
non-losing streak. For an eight year period from 1916 to 1924
Capablanca never lost a game of chess, a record that stands to this
day. It was also during this period that Capablanca wrote “Chess
Fundamentals”, first published in 1921.
The streak finally ended when Reti defeated him in New York 1924 when
Capablanca's queen was unexpectedly trapped.
Capablanca defended his world title against Alexander Alekhine in 1927
and unexpectedly lost the match by 6 losses to 3 wins to 25 draws. As
Capablanca was still considered to be the stronger player, there has
been controversy ever since as to why he lost the match.
After that, Alekhine famously refused to give Capablanca a re-match
and set other conditions so high that it was not until many years
later that Capablanca and Alekhine even played again in the same
tournament together.
Most authorities agree that Capablanca was always the stronger player
and would have defeated Alekhine in a rematch had it ever been played.
His loss of the 1927 match has been attributed to a lack of study and
preparation on the part of Capablanca, whereas Alekhine had prepared
thoroughly for the match.
A great article by Edward Winter provides a lot of new material about
the latter years of Capablanca's life.
http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=5329
http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/capablancaolga.html
Capablanca married his second wife, Olga, in 1939. They only spent
three and a half years together, as Capablanca died of a cerebral
hemorrhage on March 8, 1942.
Wherever Olga went with Capablanca, he was treated as a great
celebrity. She describes an event in Paris where they met the Duke and
Duchess of Windsor.
“Two more people arrived about this time through the same entrance: a
highly-decorated French General and then, shortly afterwards, a
pleasant-looking elderly lady in a black lace dress and several rows
of large pearls. These aroused in me a certain admiration: the courage
to wear so prominently such obviously false pearls at this event. I
liked her untouched silvery white hair; she too felt friendlily
disposed and soon we found some common friends in New York. Capa and
the old General became engrossed in each other, discussing the
Napoleonic wars.
“Meanwhile, elegant crowds started pouring in. I quickly noticed some
extra attentions bestowed on my lady with the pearls. And before long
I knew these pearls were real. And she was Mrs McL., of great wealth
and much decorated by the French Government.”
That “Mrs McL” was of course Evalyn Walsh McLean, one of the richest
women in the world and the owner of the Hope Diamond, about whom
“Father Struck It Rich and The Curse of the Hope Diamond” by Evalyn
Walsh McLean has recently been published by Ishi Press ISBN
0923891048.
From the time of his death in 1942 until the time of his widow's death
in 1994, no reprint of any books by Capablanca appeared. However,
immediately after her death several reprints appeared.
This many be related to the fact that all of his works were
copyrighted by Olga Capablanca Clark, his widow, who had married a man
named Clark after his death.
Also, about the time of her death, copyrights appeared in the names of
Olga Capablanca VonNeff, Olga Capablanca-Vo Neff, and Kenneth VonNeff
(Wr) (on original appl.: Olga Capablanca-VonNeff (A & PPW)). It is not
clear who these people are but it might be that Olga married a fifth
time to a man named VonNeff and he had a child by a previous marriage
named Kenneth VonNeff.
Edward Winter reports that Capablanca had married Gloria Simoni
Betancourt in 1921, eight months after becoming world champion, and
the couple had two children, born 1923 and 1925.
However, there is no record of what happened to these two children,
who might possibly still be alive today.
It is also said that the marriage was “not successful”. One wonders by
which standard the success of a marriage is being judged. By modern
standards, any marriage that lasted 13 years and produced two children
much be considered a success.
Another very minor mystery is that the original dust jacked of this
book says that it contains 18 complete games.
However, the book actually contains 19 complete games, all of which
are re-provided in algebraic notation in the back. One wonders why
that is.
Sam Sloan
August 1, 2009
http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbninquiry.asp?ISBN=4871878414
http://www.amazon.com/dp/4871878414
ISBN 4-87187-841-4
978-4-87187-841-8
by José Raúl Capablanca
Foreword by Sam Sloan
World Champion Mikhail Botvinnik regarded Capablanca's Chess
Fundamentals as the best chess book ever written.
This is a reprint of the original “Chess Fundamentals” by Capablanca,
as first published in 1921 and only a preface added by Capablanca in
1934.
The reader here can feel confident that this reprint contains the
exact, complete words of Capablanca. Not one word has been changed or
omitted. All 14 illustrative games plus another five games in the
initial text have been converted into algebraic notation in an
appendix added in the back of this book, with diagrams.
As Edward Winter points out in his “Chess Notes” article entitled
“Capablanca Goes Algebraic”, other modern reprints that have come out
after the death of his widow, Olga Capablanca, in 1994 have omitted or
re-written entire sections of the original book. One reprint has
omitted entirely the “illustrative Games” section from the last half
of the book, thus making it a much shorter book. Another reprint has
replaced some of Capablanca's games with games by Fischer and
Kasparov.
Edward Winter sums up his view of these reprints when he writes that
one reviser “has not supplemented Chess Fundamentals. He has destroyed
it.”
Capablanca would not have approved of these revisions. In this, the
1934 edition, in which he made no changes but only added a preface, he
wrote,
‘... Chess Fundamentals is as good now as it was 13 years ago. It will
be as good a hundred years from now; as long in fact as the laws and
rules of the game remain what they are at present. The reader may
therefore go over the contents of the book with the assurance that
there is in it everything he needs, and that there is nothing to be
added and nothing to be changed. Chess Fundamentals was the one
standard work of its kind 13 years ago and the author firmly believes
that it is the one standard work of its kind now.’
According to a study by Professor Arpad Elo in his book “The Rating of
Chess Players, Past and Present” ISBN 0923891277, Jose Raoul
Capablanca was the strongest chess player who ever lived, prior to the
arrival of Bobby Fischer.
José Raúl Capablanca was born November 19, 1888 in Havana, Cuba, but
lived most of his life in New York City, when he was not touring the
world playing in chess tournaments.
His first major chess tournament was the Grandmaster tournament at San
Sebastián, Spain in 1911. He was allowed to play at the insistence of
the American champion, Frank Marshall, in spite of complaints by the
other players that he did not meet the requirements. Capablanca
shocked the world by winning the tournament. It was then proposed that
he play a match for the World Chess Championship with Emanuel Lasker.
However, the requirements set by Lasker were too stringent and the
match did not take place.
Capablanca finally got to play a match for the world championship in
1921 in Havana Cuba. Lasker resigned the match when the score stood at
four wins for Capablanca and ten draws.
It was during this period that Capablanca went through an incredible
non-losing streak. For an eight year period from 1916 to 1924
Capablanca never lost a game of chess, a record that stands to this
day. It was also during this period that Capablanca wrote “Chess
Fundamentals”, first published in 1921.
The streak finally ended when Reti defeated him in New York 1924 when
Capablanca's queen was unexpectedly trapped.
Capablanca defended his world title against Alexander Alekhine in 1927
and unexpectedly lost the match by 6 losses to 3 wins to 25 draws. As
Capablanca was still considered to be the stronger player, there has
been controversy ever since as to why he lost the match.
After that, Alekhine famously refused to give Capablanca a re-match
and set other conditions so high that it was not until many years
later that Capablanca and Alekhine even played again in the same
tournament together.
Most authorities agree that Capablanca was always the stronger player
and would have defeated Alekhine in a rematch had it ever been played.
His loss of the 1927 match has been attributed to a lack of study and
preparation on the part of Capablanca, whereas Alekhine had prepared
thoroughly for the match.
A great article by Edward Winter provides a lot of new material about
the latter years of Capablanca's life.
http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=5329
http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/capablancaolga.html
Capablanca married his second wife, Olga, in 1939. They only spent
three and a half years together, as Capablanca died of a cerebral
hemorrhage on March 8, 1942.
Wherever Olga went with Capablanca, he was treated as a great
celebrity. She describes an event in Paris where they met the Duke and
Duchess of Windsor.
“Two more people arrived about this time through the same entrance: a
highly-decorated French General and then, shortly afterwards, a
pleasant-looking elderly lady in a black lace dress and several rows
of large pearls. These aroused in me a certain admiration: the courage
to wear so prominently such obviously false pearls at this event. I
liked her untouched silvery white hair; she too felt friendlily
disposed and soon we found some common friends in New York. Capa and
the old General became engrossed in each other, discussing the
Napoleonic wars.
“Meanwhile, elegant crowds started pouring in. I quickly noticed some
extra attentions bestowed on my lady with the pearls. And before long
I knew these pearls were real. And she was Mrs McL., of great wealth
and much decorated by the French Government.”
That “Mrs McL” was of course Evalyn Walsh McLean, one of the richest
women in the world and the owner of the Hope Diamond, about whom
“Father Struck It Rich and The Curse of the Hope Diamond” by Evalyn
Walsh McLean has recently been published by Ishi Press ISBN
0923891048.
From the time of his death in 1942 until the time of his widow's death
in 1994, no reprint of any books by Capablanca appeared. However,
immediately after her death several reprints appeared.
This many be related to the fact that all of his works were
copyrighted by Olga Capablanca Clark, his widow, who had married a man
named Clark after his death.
Also, about the time of her death, copyrights appeared in the names of
Olga Capablanca VonNeff, Olga Capablanca-Vo Neff, and Kenneth VonNeff
(Wr) (on original appl.: Olga Capablanca-VonNeff (A & PPW)). It is not
clear who these people are but it might be that Olga married a fifth
time to a man named VonNeff and he had a child by a previous marriage
named Kenneth VonNeff.
Edward Winter reports that Capablanca had married Gloria Simoni
Betancourt in 1921, eight months after becoming world champion, and
the couple had two children, born 1923 and 1925.
However, there is no record of what happened to these two children,
who might possibly still be alive today.
It is also said that the marriage was “not successful”. One wonders by
which standard the success of a marriage is being judged. By modern
standards, any marriage that lasted 13 years and produced two children
much be considered a success.
Another very minor mystery is that the original dust jacked of this
book says that it contains 18 complete games.
However, the book actually contains 19 complete games, all of which
are re-provided in algebraic notation in the back. One wonders why
that is.
Sam Sloan
August 1, 2009
http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbninquiry.asp?ISBN=4871878414
http://www.amazon.com/dp/4871878414
ISBN 4-87187-841-4
978-4-87187-841-8